After seeing Igor Wiedler's presentation on symfony Day I really wanted to try SIlex. It's a PHP micro-framework that seems especially well-suited for creating small sites and API's.
The Silex documentation lists the Apache rewrite rules when using a .htaccess file:
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
Options -MultiViews
RewriteEngine On
#RewriteBase /path/to/app
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
</IfModule>
But if possible, I put the Apache rewrite rules into the VirtualHost configuration. This requires to change the rules a bit. Namely adding a slash to index.php.
VirtualHost settings:
Options -MultiViews
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^ /index.php [L]
So I hope this will be useful to someone. Happy coding!